Fatty Acids: Reactions, Mechanisms and Enzymes.

Purified fatty acid synthetase from liver cytoplasm normally catalyzes the sythesis of palmitate(C16) from acetyl CoA, malonyl CoA, and NADPH. The enzyme also will function, although at considerably reduced rates, if the acetyl CoA is replaced by (1) propionyl CoA or (2) butyryl CoA. a). What do you predict will be the major ...continues

Enzymes

The following experiments are carried out using a pure preparation of the enzyme that catalyzes palmitate synthesis from acetyl CoA and malonyl CoA in the presence of all the cofactors required for reaction. a). If the acetyl CoA is labeled at the methyl carbon with tritium, and malonyl CoA is unlabeled, how many tritium ato ...continues

GRE Biochem subject exam

Calculate the free energy change for translocating a proton out of the mitochondrial matrix, where pH(matrix) = 7.6 pH(cytosol) = 7.2 ΔΨ=200mV and T= 37.0C Please Explain. .. .

GRE Biochem subject exam

Consider the reaction catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase. (Reaction goes from left to right) CH3CH2OH + NAD+ <-----------> CH3COH + NADH +H+ WHAT IS THE OXIDIZING REAGENT? WHAT IS THE REDUCING AGENT? Please explain

GRE Biochem subject exam

What is ΔE for the oxidation of ubiquinol by cytochrome c when the ratio of [QH2]/[Q] is 10 and the ratio of [cyt c3+]/[cyt c2+] is 5? cytochrome c (Fe3+) + e- <---------> cytochrome c (Fe2+) E'˚ = 0.254V Ubiquinone + 2H+ + 2e- <-----------> ubiquinol + H2 E'˚ = 0.045V

Melting Point of Acid; Structures of Compounds; Triglycerol; Bacteria; Membrane Lipids

1. Does trans-oleic acid have a higher or lower melting point than cis-oleic acid?explain in detail why? 2. Draw the structure of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-3-phospatidylserine. 3.why can't triglycerols(fats) be significant components of membranes? 4. when bacteria growing at 20 degree celsius are warned to 30 degree celsius, ...continues

Synthesis of ATP; Reaction Catalyzed; Equilibrium Constant; Standard Free Energy Change

1. Phosphocreatine can be used as a phosphoryl donor for the synthesis of ATP in a reaction catalyzed by creatine kinase. Refer to the Table {see attachment} for "free energies of hydrolysis of ATP and creatine Kinase." (Show all the calculations) a. what effect does creatine kinase have on the value of delta G Knot prime f ...continues

fatty acid complement in bacterial membrane

A bacterium is in the process of acclimating to a lower temperature environment. How would you expect the fatty acid complement in the bacterial membrane to change in response to the lower temperature? Why?

Phospholipid lateral motion in membrane

Please show me how to work through this problem (just tell me the steps - thanks): Phospholipid lateral motion in a membrane is characterized by a diffusion coefficient (D) of about 1.0 x10-8 cm2/sec. The distance (r) traveled in two dimensions (over the surface of the membrane) in a given time (t) is given by r = (4Dt)½, w ...continues

vitamin A 0.05% gel

I am trying to find out which chemical form of vitamin A is used in pharmaceutical gels. vitamin A 0.05% gel for Pharmacutical 1) vitamin A 2) vitamin A Aldehyde 3) 9-cis-Retinoic Acid 4) 13-cis-Retinoic Acid