ATP releases its energy by
Activating its protons to form ions.
Absorbing heat from the environment.
Combining with other ATP molecules.
Splitting into a phosphate and ADP.
A governing principle of fermentation is that
ATP is not produced.
Intermediary organic compounds are used as electron acceptors.
It does not require enzymes.
Fermentation occurs only in bacterial species.
To be useful as energy sources, proteins must first
Be broken into small nucleotides.
Be converted to fatty acids and enter beta oxidation.
Undergo transformation to carbohydrates by deamination.
Be broken into amino acids.
Heat is useful in the destruction of bacteria because heat
Depresses ATP synthesis.
Prevents the production of folic acid in the cell.
Denatures enzymes by altering their tertiary structures.
Depresses the uptake of minerals of bacteria.
Fermentation differs from aerobic respiration because
Fermentation does not require that glucose be present.
Fermentation does not result in a net ATP gain.
Fermentation does not result in pyruvic acid production.
Fermentation does not require that oxygen be present.
Ribulose-5-phosphatehas an important role to play in
Reaction number four of glycolysis.
Entry of pyruvic acid to the Krebs cycle.
The deamination of amino acids.
The carbon-fixing reactions of photosynthesis.
A mole of glucose contains about
10,000 amino acids.
690,000 calories of energy.
High energy phosphate bonds.
Easily broken hydrogen bonds.
all of the following are products that can be formed by industrial
fermentation except
Vinegar.
Sauerkraut.
Pickles.
Butter.
All of the following are associated with photosynthesis except
Cyanobacteria.
Fungi.
Chlorophyll a.
NADPH
Any process that releases energy is referred to as a __________
reaction.
Metabolic.
Exergonic.
Anabolic.
Endergonic.
Proteins that bring about chemical changes while remaining essentially
unchanged are referred to as
Enzymes.
Vitamins.
Coenzymes.
Cofactors.
The essential step in the catabolism of amino acids is a process known
as
Glycolysis.
The Krebs cycle.
Deamination.
Fermentation.
Chlorophyll and accessory pigments involved in photosynthesis occur in
Cytochromes.
The carbon-fixing reactions.
Photosystems.
None of the above (A-C) is correct.
The catabolic process in which glucose is converted into pyruvate is
called
Glycolysis.
The Krebs cycle.
Fermentation.
Oxidative phosphorylation.
Inorganic ions that compose parts of enzymes are referred to as
Cytochromes.
Substrates.
Cofactors.
Intermediates.
Most bacteria, as well as all fungi and protozoa, are
Photoautotrophs.
Photoheterotrophs.
Chemoautotrophs.
Chemoheterotrophs.
UV light may induce a mutation by
Dissolving the cell membrane of a bacterium.
Preventing synthesis of ATP during oxidative phosphorylation.
Restricting transcription of RNA molecules.
Binding together adjacent thymine molecules on the DNA molecule.
The Ames test is used to
Identify auxotrophic mutants.
Investigate protein synthesis.
Identify antibiotic resistant bacteria.
Learn whether a chemical can induce a bacterial mutation.
Which one of the following does not apply to plasmids?
They are essential for growth.
They are composed of DNA.
They multiply independently of chromosome.
They exist as closed loops.
The major activity of transcription is to
Copy DNA
Pair codons with anticodons.
Produce amino acids.
Produce RNA molecules.
In the operon, genes that code for enzymes are called
Structural genes.
Operator genes.
Repressor genes.
Inducer genes.
Genes existing on plasmids may include those for
Bacterial DNA synthesis.
Capsule production.
Krebs cycle enzymes.
Antibiotic resistance and bacteriocins.
The chromosome of Escherichia coli
Is a linear chromosome.
Has about 4300 genes.
Is surrounded by a membrane.
Contains some 35,000 genes.
Bacteriocins are proteins that
Inhibit or kill other bacteria.
Are important to DNA replication.
Ensure proteins fold properly into their tertiary structure.
Terminate translation.
All of the following are true of the bacterial chromosome except
It is composed of DNA.
It contains plasmids.
It replicates by the semiconservative method.
It is about 1000 times the length of the bacterium.
Mutations arising from chance events in the environment are known as
Point mutations.
Spontaneous mutations.
Environment mutations.
Induced mutation.
The point on the chromosome where any particular gene is to be found is
referred to as its
Initiation point.
Place.
Marker.
Locus.
The passing of genes between parent and offspring is called
Conjugation.
Vertical gene transfer.
Lateral (horizontal) gene transfer.
Transformation.
Transformation occurs in approximately ________ percent of a bacterial
population.
1
10
25
50
The development of lysogeny depends on
A spontaneous mutation.
The presence of a temperate phage.
An absorption of DNA from the environment.
The contact of two mating types of bacteria.
The activity of bacteriophages was first described by
Twort and d’Herelle.
Hershey and Chase.
Lederberg and Zinder.
Ivanowsky.
The competence of a bacterium refers to its ability to
Support viral replication.
Take up DNA from the environment.
Conjugate with other competent bacteria.
Change from an F+ cell to and F- cell.
Generalized transduction is carried out by
Virulent phages that have a lysogenic cycle.
Temperate phages that undergo lysogeny.
Virulent phages that have a lytic cycle.
Temperate phages that are incapable of lysogeny.
A prophage is
Viral DNA integrated into the bacterial chromosome.
A virulent phage that undergoes a lytic cycle.
Another name for a bacteriophage.
A plasmid consisting of viral DNA.
Diphtheria causing bacteria contain a prophage that codes for toxin
produced during disease. This is a consequence of the phenomenon known
as
Lytic growth.
Genetic engineering.
Lysogeny.
Temperate growth.
Which one of the following statements can describe a transgenic
organism?
It may be the result of transformation.
It contains a gene from another organism.
It could be the product of a conjugation event.
All the above (A-C) are possible.
Functional genomics involves discovering the cellular role for a
microbial DNA sequence.
True
False
DNA sequencing suggests the human genome contains about 35,000 genes.
True
False
All phages participate in transduction.
True
False
Transformation appears to be the major mechanism for antibiotic
transfer.
True
False
In semiconservative DNA replication, a new strand of DNA with bases
complementary to a parent strand combines with a parent strand to form
the double helix.
True
False
Watson and Crick worked out the structure of DNA.
True
False
Messenger RNA contains start and stop codons.
True
False
All mutations in bacteria yield effects that are harmful to the
bacterium.
True
False
ATP is formed in mitochondria in prokaryotic microbes.
True
False
The energy yield in aerobic respiration is far less than that which
results from fermentation.
True
False
Lack of certain vitamins in cells might lead to a lack of NAD+ or FAD
and have an eventual effect on oxidative phosphorylation and production
of ATP.
True
False
Chemoautotrophic bacteria that cannot use light as an energy source
obtain needed energy from inorganic compounds.
True
False
In the Krebs cycle, citrate is the first intermediate and is formed from
acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate.
True
False
All bacteria carry out photosynthesis in much the same manner as algae
and green plants.
True
False
Biology Homework Solutions
#99876
Microbiology Questions
See attached file for full problem description.
1. ATP releases its energy by
a. Activating its protons to form ions.
b. Absorbing heat from the environment.
c. Combining with other ATP molecules.
d. Splitting into a phosphate and ADP.
2. A governing principle of fermentation is that
a. ATP is not produced.
b. Intermediary organic compounds are used as electron acceptors.
c. It does not require enzymes.
d. Fermentation occurs only in bacterial species.
3. To be useful as energy sources, proteins must first
a. Be broken into small nucleotides.
b. Be converted to fatty acids and enter beta oxidation.
c. Undergo transformation to carbohydrates by deamination.
d. Be broken into amino acids.
4. Heat is useful in the destruction of bacteria because heat
a. Depresses ATP synthesis.
b. Prevents the production of folic acid in the cell.
c. Denatures enzymes by altering their tertiary structures.
d. Depresses the uptake of minerals of bacteria.
5. Fermentation differs from aerobic respiration because
a. Fermentation does not require that glucose be present.
b. Fermentation does not result in a net ATP gain.
c. Fermentation does not result in pyruvic acid production.
d. Fermentation does not require that oxygen be present.
6. Ribulose-5-phosphatehas an important role to play in
a. Reaction number four of glycolysis.
b. Entry of pyruvic acid to the Krebs cycle.
c. The deamination of amino acids.
d. The carbon-fixing reactions of photosynthesis.
7. A mole of glucose contains about
a. 10,000 amino acids.
b. 690,000 calories of energy.
c. High energy phosphate bonds.
d. Easily broken hydrogen bonds.
8. all of the following are products that can be formed by industrial fermentation except
a. Vinegar.
b. Sauerkraut.
c. Pickles.
d. Butter.
9. All of the following are associated with photosynthesis except
a. Cyanobacteria.
b. Fungi.
c. Chlorophyll a.
d. NADPH
10. Any process that releases energy is referred to as a __________ reaction.
a. Metabolic.
b. Exergonic.
c. Anabolic.
d. Endergonic.
11. Proteins that bring about chemical changes while remaining essentially unchanged are referred to as
a. Enzymes.
b. Vitamins.
c. Coenzymes.
d. Cofactors.
12. The essential step in the catabolism of amino acids is a process known as
a. Glycolysis.
b. The Krebs cycle.
c. Deamination.
d. Fermentation.
13. Chlorophyll and accessory pigments involved in photosynthesis occur in
a. Cytochromes.
b. The carbon-fixing reactions.
c. Photosystems.
d. None of the above (A-C) is correct.
14. The catabolic process in which glucose is converted into pyruvate is called
a. Glycolysis.
b. The Krebs cycle.
c. Fermentation.
d. Oxidative phosphorylation.
15. Inorganic ions that compose parts of enzymes are referred to as
a. Cytochromes.
b. Substrates.
c. Cofactors.
d. Intermediates.
16. Most bacteria, as well as all fungi and protozoa, are
a. Photoautotrophs.
b. Photoheterotrophs.
c. Chemoautotrophs.
d. Chemoheterotrophs.
17. UV light may induce a mutation by
a. Dissolving the cell membrane of a bacterium.
b. Preventing synthesis of ATP during oxidative phosphorylation.
c. Restricting transcription of RNA molecules.
d. Binding together adjacent thymine molecules on the DNA molecule.
18. The Ames test is used to
a. Identify auxotrophic mutants.
b. Investigate protein synthesis.
c. Identify antibiotic resistant bacteria.
d. Learn whether a chemical can induce a bacterial mutation.
19. Which one of the following does not apply to plasmids?
a. They are essential for growth.
b. They are composed of DNA.
c. They multiply independently of chromosome.
d. They exist as closed loops.
20. The major activity of transcription is to
a. Copy DNA
b. Pair codons with anticodons.
c. Produce amino acids.
d. Produce RNA molecules.
21. In the operon, genes that code for enzymes are called
a. Structural genes.
b. Operator genes.
c. Repressor genes.
d. Inducer genes.
22. Genes existing on plasmids may include those for
a. Bacterial DNA synthesis.
b. Capsule production.
c. Krebs cycle enzymes.
d. Antibiotic resistance and bacteriocins.
23. The chromosome of Escherichia coli
a. Is a linear chromosome.
b. Has about 4300 genes.
c. Is surrounded by a membrane.
d. Contains some 35,000 genes.
24. Bacteriocins are proteins that
a. Inhibit or kill other bacteria.
b. Are important to DNA replication.
c. Ensure proteins fold properly into their tertiary structure.
d. Terminate translation.
25. All of the following are true of the bacterial chromosome except
a. It is composed of DNA.
b. It contains plasmids.
c. It replicates by the semiconservative method.
d. It is about 1000 times the length of the bacterium.
26. Mutations arising from chance events in the environment are known as
a. Point mutations.
b. Spontaneous mutations.
c. Environment mutations.
d. Induced mutation.
27. The point on the chromosome where any particular gene is to be found is referred to as its
a. Initiation point.
b. Place.
c. Marker.
d. Locus.
28. The passing of genes between parent and offspring is called
a. Conjugation.
b. Vertical gene transfer.
c. Lateral (horizontal) gene transfer.
d. Transformation.
29. Transformation occurs in approximately ________ percent of a bacterial population.
a. 1
b. 10
c. 25
d. 50
30. The development of lysogeny depends on
a. A spontaneous mutation.
b. The presence of a temperate phage.
c. An absorption of DNA from the environment.
d. The contact of two mating types of bacteria.
31. The activity of bacteriophages was first described by
a. Twort and d’Herelle.
b. Hershey and Chase.
c. Lederberg and Zinder.
d. Ivanowsky.
32. The competence of a bacterium refers to its ability to
a. Support viral replication.
b. Take up DNA from the environment.
c. Conjugate with other competent bacteria.
d. Change from an F+ cell to and F- cell.
33. Generalized transduction is carried out by
a. Virulent phages that have a lysogenic cycle.
b. Temperate phages that undergo lysogeny.
c. Virulent phages that have a lytic cycle.
d. Temperate phages that are incapable of lysogeny.
34. A prophage is
a. Viral DNA integrated into the bacterial chromosome.
b. A virulent phage that undergoes a lytic cycle.
c. Another name for a bacteriophage.
d. A plasmid consisting of viral DNA.
35. Diphtheria causing bacteria contain a prophage that codes for toxin produced during disease. This is a consequence of the phenomenon known as
a. Lytic growth.
b. Genetic engineering.
c. Lysogeny.
d. Temperate growth.
36. Which one of the following statements can describe a transgenic organism?
a. It may be the result of transformation.
b. It contains a gene from another organism.
c. It could be the product of a conjugation event.
d. All the above (A-C) are possible.
37. Functional genomics involves discovering the cellular role for a microbial DNA sequence.
a. True
b. False
38. DNA sequencing suggests the human genome contains about 35,000 genes.
a. True
b. False
39. All phages participate in transduction.
a. True
b. False
40. Transformation appears to be the major mechanism for antibiotic transfer.
a. True
b. False
41. In semiconservative DNA replication, a new strand of DNA with bases complementary to a parent strand combines with a parent strand to form the double helix.
a. True
b. False
42. Watson and Crick worked out the structure of DNA.
a. True
b. False
43. Messenger RNA contains start and stop codons.
a. True
b. False
44. All mutations in bacteria yield effects that are harmful to the bacterium.
a. True
b. False
45. ATP is formed in mitochondria in prokaryotic microbes.
a. True
b. False
46. The energy yield in aerobic respiration is far less than that which results from fermentation.
a. True
b. False
47. Lack of certain vitamins in cells might lead to a lack of NAD+ or FAD and have an eventual effect on oxidative phosphorylation and production of ATP.
a. True
b. False
48. Chemoautotrophic bacteria that cannot use light as an energy source obtain needed energy from inorganic compounds.
a. True
b. False
49. In the Krebs cycle, citrate is the first intermediate and is formed from acetyl CoA and oxaloacetate.
a. True
b. False
50. All bacteria carry out photosynthesis in much the same manner as algae and green plants.
a. True
b. False
See attached file for full problem description.
What is this?
By OTA - Overall OTA Rating
Richa Kumar, MSc - 4.8/5
Purchase Cost Now
$2.19 CAD (was ~$39.90)
Included in Download
- Plain text response
- Attached file(s):
- Lesson+4-1.doc
Why you can trust BrainMass.com
- Your Information is Secure
- Best Online Academic Help Service
- Students find real academic Success
- Photosynthesis and organisms: Understanding ribulose bisphosphates. - Why is ribulose bisphosphates one of the most common organic molecules in living things?
- The growth rate of phototrophic purple bacterium Rhodobacter is twice as fast when the organism is grown phototrophically - The growth rate of phototrophic purple bacterium Rhodobacter is twice as fast when the organism is grown phototrophically in a medium with malate as a carbon source as when it is growth with CO2 as a ...
- What is photorespiration and why does it reduce photosynthesis efficiency? - What is photorespiration and why does it reduce photosynthesis efficiency?
- Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration - How do Organisms Acquire Energy? How Do Organisms Use Energy? I have to research Photosynthesis - dark reaction and do a PowerPoint Presentation(at least 8 slides) and notes answering these questi ...
- Carboxylation Efficiencies - Why would the carboxylation efficiency in C4 plants be higher than the carboxylation efficiency in C3 plants?
