Consider the electron traveling in the first Bohr energy level of the
hydrogen atom. This electron travels in a circular orbit with a radius
of 52.92 pm and has a velocity of 2.188 x 10^6 m/s. The energy needed to
remove it from the nucleus to an infinite distance can be calculated
from the basic equation of electrical potential:
where q1 and q2 are the charges-in this case the electron’s charge
of 1.602 x 10^-19 C. This distance ra is the Bohr radius of 52.92 pm and
the distance rb is infinity, so the term 1/ rb is zero. The quantity ε0
is the permittivity of vaccum and is 8.854188 x 10^-12 C²/m³ kg·s²;
it functions to keep the units correct.
†
ded to remove the electron to an infinite distance with zero velocity.
Use the given information to calculate the ionization energy of hydrogen
in kJ/mol.
