Chemistry

Q2. Explain the following terms:



Addition reaction

Homolysis and heterolysis

Nucleophile and electrophile

Hence a) explain briefly why alkanes react only by homolysis

b) show the mechanism of the nucleophilic substitution of
bromoethane with

sodium hydroxide

Q3. There are four compounds, A-D, all with molecular formula C4H8.

Compound A is a cis-isomer and compound B is a trans-isomer. Both
react with concentrated sulphuric acid, followed by water to yield a
compound E of formula C4H10O.

Compound C reacts with sulphuric acid followed by water, to yield mostly
compound E, but also some compound F, also C4H10O.

Compound D also reacts reacts with sulphuric acid and water to produce a
major product G and a minor product H, both of formula C4H10O also.

Deduce the structural formulae of compounds A-H, and explain your
reasoning.

Q4. Explain the difference in structure between a primary, secondary
and tertiary alcohol(Alkanol).

Outline, with equations, the product(s) of oxidation of each of the
above three types of alcohol.

Q5. You are provided with a mixture which you suspect may consist of
hexane, hexylamine and propanol.

How would you attempt to separate the mixture?

Suggest a chemical or physical test, which would help to confirm your
suspicion as to the chemical nature of each of the three components?