Preparation mechanism of an a,b-unsaturated ketone

Hi. I'm wondering if you could help me answer a few questions about a lab I'm doing. We are preparing an a,b-unsaturated ketone via Michael and aldol condensation reactions. The reactants are trans-chalcone and ethyl acetoacetate (in ethanol and NaOH). This creates 6-ethoxycarbonyl-3,5-diphenyl-2-cyclohexenone. Please dr ...continues

Solubility - Preparation of a soap

Hi. I'm doing a lab where we are preparing soap from triglycerides (lard) and sodium hydroxide (in water and ethanol). This gives carboxylic acid salts (soap) and glycerol. I'm wondering: Why should the potassium salts of fatty acids yield soft soaps? (A soft soap is one that is very soluble. Also, a salt of a saturated lo ...continues

Preparation of a soap lab - saponification

Hi. I'm doing a lab where we are preparing soap from triglycerides (lard) and sodium hydroxide (in water and ethanol). This gives carboxylic acid salts (soap) and glycerol. I'm wondering: Why are sodium acetate and sodium propanoate poor soaps? Does it have to do with the their ability to form a micelle (water-soluble head ...continues

Saponification curd

Hi. I'm doing a lab where we are preparing soap from triglycerides (lard) and sodium hydroxide (in water and ethanol). This gives carboxylic acid salts (soap) and glycerol. I'm wondering: If a salt is added (such as Ca2+) to a soap and water solution the soap will precipitate forming a curd. Why does adding a salt solution ...continues

Tautomerism

Need help with the following problem. Please see attachment. How do I know which side of the equilibrium is favored? --- The following tautomerism has been observed. Add any non-bonding electrons. Use arrows to push electrons and show how the structure on the left can be transformed to the structure on the right. Which ...continues

Mechanism

I need help on the following mechanism. See attached. Which mechanism is this? Thanks.

Mechanism

Please help me on this syntheic scheme. I'm confuse on which reagents is needed to carry out the synthesis. (See attached file for full problem description)

Resonance

Need help with drawing resonace structures. Please see attachement. (See attached file for full problem description)

Mechanism

Need help completing the following syntheic sequence. (please see attached) Thank you kindly.

Organic chem reaction.

I need help on explaining the following observations of each reaction. See attachment. Thanks.