Structures for Compounds

Compound A is optically active and has the molecular formula C5H10O. On catalytic hydrogenation (addition of hydrogen) of A, Compound B is obtained. Compound B has the molecular formula C5H12O and is optically inactive. Give the structure for Compounds A and B.

Meso Forms

Which of the following compounds have a meso form? (a) 2,3-Dibromopentane (b) 2,4-Dibromopentane (c) 2,3-Dibromobutane

Weight of Water Required for Steam Distillation

Calculate the weight of water required to steam distill 500 mg of bromobenzene at 95 degrees C. The vapor pressure of water at his temperature is 640 torr; bromobenzene, 120 torr.

Separating Mixtures via Steam Distillation

Steam distillation may be used to separate a mixture of p-nitrophenoln and o-nitrophenol. The ortho isomer distills at 93 degrees C; the para isomer does not. Explain.

Structures of Acids

The chiral carboxylic acid A (C5H6O2) reacts with 1 mol of hydrogen gas on catalytic hydrogenation. The product is an achiral carboxylic acid B (C5H8O2). What are the structures of Compounds A and B?

Chemical Tests

What chemical test would you use to distinguish between the 1-octene starting material and the octane product?

Molecular Formula C6H12

Give the structure and names of five alkenes having the molecular formula C6H12 that produce hexane on catalytic hydrogenation.

Explanation of Ratios

In an unsymmetrical alkene, the boron atom adds predominantly to the least substituted carbon atom. For example, 2-methyl-2-butene gives the products shown below. CH3-C-CH2-CH3 (also has a CH3 single bonded above the C and a BH2 single bonded below the C) 2% CH3-CH-C-CH3 (also has a CH3 single bonded above the C in the CH ...continues

Method for Trapping a Gas

The decomposition of 3-sulfolene to form 1,3-butadiene generates 1 mole of sulfur dioxide gas per mole of 1,3-butadiene. Substantial quantities of SO2 would be generated if this decomposition were carried out on a large scale. Suggest a method for trapping the gas to prevent its escape into the environment.

Structures for Isomers

Two structural isomers are formed when 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene reacts with ethyl acrylate (ethyl 2-propenoate). Draw structures for these isomers.