Ho is that there would be no significant difference between imagery
facilitated instructed group and the control group.
H1 is that there would be a significant difference between imagery
facilitated instructed group and the control group.
Table 1
μ Score Results for Control Group and Imagery Group on various making
criteria relating to “Marking Results” in Appendix
Question / Marking Criterion Control Group Imagery Group
Day 1 Day 5 Day 1 Day 5
Overall Quality of 2.6 3 2.4 3.7
Movement from start to end.
Correct Postural Alignment 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.5
Correct Slow Speed 2.6 2.75 4.2 4.6
Correct Sequence 3.4 3.5 2.6 3.7
Fluidity of Movement 3.2 3.75 2.5 3.6
μ= sum ( of marks / N of participants in the group
Minimum score that could be reached was 1, maximal .score was 5, see
“objective observational marking of videoed evidence in Methodology
Taking average marking score for Control Group and Imagery Group by μ1
and μ2, respectively.
The null hypothesis H0: μ 1= μ2; with H1: μ1 is not equal to μ2.
Data is non parametric which suggests Mann Whitney Means analysis.
Testing if there has been any difference between groups on day one.
Data Source Rank
2.4 2 1
2.4 1 2
2.4 2 3
2.5 2 4
2.6 2 5
2.6 2 6
2.6 2 7
2.6 1 8
2.6 1 9
3.2 1 10
3.2 1 11
3.4 1 12
4.0 1 13
4.2 2 14
The sizes of two samples are n1=n2=7
The sum of the rank for the sample”Control Group” , denoted by W1,
is
W1=2+8+9+10+11+12+13=65, and the sum of the rank for the
sample”Imagery Group” , denoted by W2 is W2=1+3+4+5+6+7+14=40. From
W1 and W2, take
U1=n1*n2+1/2*n1*(n1+1)-W1=7*7+1/2*7*8-65=49+28-65=12
U2= n1*n2+1/2*n2*(n2+1)-W1=7*7+1/2*7*8-40=49+28-40=37
U=Min(U1,U2)=Min(12,37)=12.
Given the significance level alpha=0.05, U_alpha is (7,7)=9. Since
U=12>9,
null hypothesis can not be rejected .
there is no difference between the average marking score for Control
Group and Imagery Group on day 1.
(2) Testing if there has been any difference between groups on day 5.
Data Source Rank
2.5 1 1
2.75 1 2
3 1 3
3.5 1 4
3.5 1 5
3.5 2 6
3.5 2 7
3.6 2 8
3.7 2 9
3.7 2 10
3.7 2 11
3.75 1 12
4.0 1 13
4.6 2 14
The sizes of two samples are n1=n2=7
Sum of the rank for the sample”Control Group” , denoted by W1 is
W1=1+2+3+4+5+12+13=40, and the sum of the rank for the sample”Imagery
Group” , denoted by W2 is W2=1/2*14*(14+1)-W1=65. From W1 and w2 it
follows that
U1=n1*n2+1/2*n1*(n1+1)-W1=7*7+1/2*7*8-40=49+28-40=37
U2= n1*n2+1/2*n2*(n2+1)-W1=7*7+1/2*7*8-65=49+28-65=12
U=Min(U1,U2)=Min(37,12)=12.
Given the significance level alpha=0.05, U_alpha is (7,7)=9. Since
U=12>9,
null hypothesis can not be rejected.
There is no difference between the average marking score for Control
Group and Imagery Group on day 5.
Testing if there has been any difference between groups overall.
Average of day1 and day5, and get the following
Table 1
Average Marking Score Results for Control Group and Imagery Group on
various making criteria relating to “Marking Results” in Appendix
Question / Marking Criterion Control Group Imagery Group
Day 1 Day 5 Day 1 Day 5
Overall Quality of (2.6+3)/2=2.8
(2.4 +3.7)/2=3.05
Movement from start to end.
Correct Postural Alignment 2.45 3.05
Correct Slow Speed 2.675 4.4
Correct Sequence 3.45 3.15
Fluidity of Movement 3.475 3.05
Observed ease of 3.35 3.05
implementing instruction
Observed Attention 4 3.05
Data is arranged jointly in ascending order and keep track of which
sample each point originated from the above table.
Data Source Rank
2.45 1 1
2.675 1 2
2.8 1 3
3.05 2 4
3.05 2 5
3.05 2 6
3.05 2 7
3.05 2 8
3.15 2 9
3.35 1 10
3.45 1 11
3.475 1 12
4.0 1 13
4.4 2 14
The sizes of two samples are n1=n2=7
From the sum of the rank for the sample”Control Group” , denoted by
W1,
W1=1+2+3+10+11+12+13=52, and the sum of the rank for the
sample”Imagery Group” denoted by W2, W2=1/2*14*(14+1)-W1=53. one
gets
U1=n1*n2+1/2*n1*(n1+1)-W1=7*7+1/2*7*8-52=49+28-52=25
U2= n1*n2+1/2*n2*(n2+1)-W1=7*7+1/2*7*8-53=49+28-53=24
U=Min(U1,U2)=Min(25,24)=24.
Given the significance level alpha=0.05, we have U_alpha(7,7)=9. Since
U=24>9,
the null hypothesis can not be rejected.
There is no difference between the average marking score for Control
Group and Imagery Group on overall.
From the analysis above, we conclude that there are no difference
between the average marking score for Control Group and Imagery Group.
APA Table to insert in paper!
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
__________
Day1 Day1
Day5 Day5 Overall
U-value 9
9
9 9 9
U-observation 12 12
12 12 24
M
SD M S
D M SD
Control Group 3.06
0.562 3.286
0.548 3.171 0.547
Imagery Group 2.76 0.634
3.757 0.382 3.257
0.505
________________________________________________________________________
_____
significance level alpha=0.05
There was no significant difference between the means of the Control
Group and the Imagery Group on day1, day5 and overall.
All results!
Control Group Marking Results:
Question/ Marking Criterion A1 rac A2 B1
Sa B2
sa C1 C2 D1
gree D2 E1 E2 Average
Start Average
End
Overall Quality of Movement from start to end.
3 3 2 2 3 4 2 3 3 - 2.6 3
Correct Postural Alignment 3 3 1 1 3 .3 2 3 3
2.4 2.5
Correct slow Speed 2 3 3 3 4 3 2 2 2
2.6 2.75
Correct Sequence 4 4 3 2 3 4 4 4 3
3.4 3.5
Fluidity of Movement 3 4 3 3 4 4 3 4 3
3.2 3.75
Observed ease of implementing instruction 3 4 3 3 4 4 3 3 3
3.2 3.5
Observed Attention. 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4
4 4
Record any points about the performance of this participant, which are
noteworthy
Totally lifted leg Totally lifted leg
Totally lifted leg
Imagery Group
Question/ Marking Criterion C1 C2 H1 H2 I1 I2 J1 J2 R1 R2 Average
Start Average
End
Overall Quality of Movement from start to end.
2.5 4 3 4 2 3.5 1.5 3 3 4 2.4 3.7
Correct Postural Alignment 3 4 3.5 4 2 2.5 1.5 3 3 4 2.6 3.5
Correct slow Speed 4 5 5 5 5 5 3 3 4 5 4.2 4.6
Correct Sequence 2.5 4.5 3.5 3.5 2 3.5 2 3.5 3 3.5 2.6 3.7
Fluidity of Movement 1 4 2.5 4 2 3 4 3.5 3 3.5 2.5 3.6
Observed ease of implementing instruction 2 4.5 3 4.5 2 3 2 3 3.5 4
Observed Attention. 3 4.5 4 4 4 3 4 4 4 5
Record any points about the performance of this participant, which are
noteworthy
Statistics Homework Solutions
#8885
Kurtosis & Skewness Analysis
My request can thus be summarized as
kurtosis / skenwess analyis of data with graphs if possible
APA presentation of these results joined up with the already calculated means data in the document!
Some Particularls:
This problem has been posted previously and answered by an OTA, who "showed me the way." I did so and got totally lost and confused.
I feel totally stuck!
My course regretably provvided me only with a very brief intro into stats and only on SPSS which I owe no longer. The stats is actually just an added plus of my paper which is a qualitative assesment of interviews, But to satisfy the department I added a little stats section which now holds me seriously back since a month and has become a real nightmare (I blame the department for not providing adequate stats training and mentoring! This is the fourth time I am dealing with OTAs from brainmass about the stats!
>>In the attached document you have at hand the results of various means testing. The last (third) comparison of total relsults of control and test group is the important one forthe study. But I add all the info in case it helps you to understand what is going on here!
Anticipating that perhaps for a skewness or kurtosis test you may need all the data available not just the means I have pasted in right at the end all figures just in case you may beed them.
I have put a preliminary form at the very end in APA format with the results of the third test. This graph I like to put into the actual paper.
IT IS THUS IMPORTANT YOU SHOW ME HOW TO PRESENT THIS DATA IN THE STATS SECTION NOT JUST DO THE TESTS!
However it misses skewness and kurtosis data to be calculated and ultimately inserted in the table!
I had the raw data from my own kurtosis / skewness test done (if you need I can forward) but I left it because I did not want to confuse youm as I may have done it falsely.
So basically a kurtosis / skewness test is needed and to put the important two values in my end result table!
Please send me the entire print out of the calculations but ADD A RESULT LINE THAT CLEARKT
ENABLES ME TO KNOW WHAT THE FIGURES ARE FOR KURTOSIS AND SKEWNESS AND IFTHEY MEAN NEGATIVE OR POSITIVE....
GRAPH WOULD BE BONUS!
What is this?
By OTA - Overall OTA Rating
Amrit Lal Ahuja, PhD (IP) - 4.9/5
Purchase Cost Now
$2.19 CAD (was ~$39.90)
Included in Download
- Plain text response
- Attached file(s):
- stat_skew.doc
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