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Blood groups - ABO and rhesus

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What is the ABO and rhesus blood group systems? Why is blood that is not correctly matched destroyed if transfused into a mismatched donor?

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This solution details the basis for the ABO and rhesus blood grouping systems and explains why blood transfusions must be matched for blood group antigens.

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The dominant blood group is the ABO system, that is present on the membrane of red blood cells. The A or B genes encode glycosyl transferases which each add different carbohydrate groups onto H substance on the cell surface. Individuals with both A and B genes (AB blood group) with have both glycosylation patterns, whereas those lacking these genes (O blood group) will have neither. Antibodies against ...

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