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Perceptual Distortions

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What are common perceptual distortions? Why do they exist?

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This solution discusses some common perceptual distortions.

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Common Perceptual distortions include Stereotypes or prototypes, Halo Effects, Selective perception, projection, contrast effects, self-fulfilling prophecy.

source: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com:8100/legacy/college/schermerhorn/047120367X/ppt/15

They exist because:

The fact that mind stores information in schemas which in turn are built from experience means that you can comprehend and recall situations extremely well. For example, one glance at a new restaurant and you understand the whole layout, because you ...

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