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Cultures and external controls

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Which cultures would be more likely to focus on external controls? Which cultures would consider direct controls to be more important than indirect controls?

How would you explain a company's decision to employ centralized decision-making processes and decentralized control processes, considering the two are so interconnected? Provide an industry example of where this may occur.

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This solution discusses which cultures would be more likely to focus on external controls.

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I would say this. Overall, because of cultural norms, Japan would rely more on external controls, especially customs. This would also occur in countries like China and Vietnam, which while leaning towards more individual and larger scale capitalism, still has at times varying amounts of strong government- led external controls. This is probably also the case in Russia and other countries where there are varying amounts of a neo-dictatorship. Also, socialism and the culture still of Western Europe still has an amount of external controls, taxes, unions, government regulations etc. We are starting to (unfortunately in my opinion) see more and more of this in the USA in terms of government regulations, taxes on business and the pro-union views touted in the Obama administration. But overall, cultures where there is a strong tradition of government regulation, (Western Europe), or loyalty to the company (Japan) there would be more external controls. Now, I know that the definition ...

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