41. Describe general characteristics of picornaviruses. 42. Define plaque, lawn of bacteria. 43. Define normal and transient microbiota. 44. Compare commensalism, mutualism, symbiosis, and parasitism, and give an example of each. 45. List Koch's postulates and the exceptions. 46. Categorize diseas
A 40-year-old male who was seropositive for HIV experienced abdominal pain, fatigue, and low-grade fever (38°C) for 2 weeks. A chest X-ray examination revealed lung infiltrates. Gram and acid-fast stains were negative. A viral culture revealed the cause of his symptoms: a large, enveloped polyhedral virus with double-stranded D
Why does IgM increase by four fold with west nile virus between acute and four weeks later? Please explain the pathophysiology ie. complement system.
Draw a concept map using the words in the list below. Then write a paragraph summarizing your map - it should be clear from your summary that you understand the meaning and significance of each term on the list, and where it fits into the overall concept. (Your diagram may take any form - flow chart, circle diagram with a ce
Back ground info: Many of the most devastating human diseases result from an attack of various microbes (viruses, bacteria, fungi) on the human body. The flu epidemic of 1918 killed 22 million Americans and Europeans in just 18 months, and our ongoing war against the HIV virus is still waging. In order to fight against this ons
Looks at how intracellular pathogens inhibit the expression of antigens on the cell surface in order to escape the adaptive immune response. Includes examples.
Looks at the various ways in which pathogens can block the function of cytokines. Includes several specific examples.
Describes how some pathogens evade the immune system by avoiding it as much as possible in areas of the host not subject to strong immunological screening. Includes an example.
A look at how various pathogens emply antigenic variation to evade the adaptive immune response, including specific examples (such as the 'flu).
Argue for or against the statement, "Viruses are alive." As before this is not an opinion question. State your position clearly: Yes, No or Don't Know and support your position with what you know about cells, living things and viruses. The internal structure of many protists is much more complex than that of cells of multi
I am trying to figure out if the protists is engaged in more complex activities than the multicellular organism? I am looking at the difference
Question: Are Viruses alive - is this a true statement? The internal structure of many protists is much more complex than that of cells of multi-cellular organisms. Does this mean that the protist is engaged in more complex activities than the multi-cellular organism? If not, why should the protistan cell be much more complicate
Which of the following statements is NOT true of STDs? a. STDs are extremely widespread. b. STDs are easy to track. c. Billions of dollars are spent every year battling STDs. d. Most people are unaware of the risks and consequences of STDs. Of the 15 million new cases of STDs in the US every year, what percentage of these
We are studying viruses and this was a questions our professor threw out for fun true or false: "The hepatitis A virus has the same RNA nucleotide bases as gorillas." I have read the chapter over and over and cannot figure out the answer and now I am curious to know the answer or how to figure out the answer.
Norovirus and seasonality I was asked to review this review this graph and interpret the results, given the research that is available for Norovirus and long-term care facilities.  I know that there is a correlation between seasons and Norovirus (i.e. the winter months- Nov. Dec. Jan. and Feb).  However, in this graph ther
A. Explain how the three density peaks in Figure 9-20 are related to replication of the injected DNA. Why is no 32P radioactivity associated with the light peak and why is no 3H radioactivity associated with the heavy peak? B. Does the injected DNA mimic the behaviour you would expect for the chromosomal DNA? C. Why do you thi
I am going through my microbiology book and came across a "box question". The scenario read as follows. I have included the case scenario in the attachment. I think it is botulism caused by the onions... The onions sautéed in the margarine created an environment where the bacteria could proliferate. The questions the boo
I am going over a case study in a book, and am having a bit of difficulty solving this one scenario. Case A young-athletic man in his early 20's is helped into the hospital by his girlfriend. He is feverish and his breathing is labored. The symptoms began about 24 hours ago and seemed to worsen quickly. Triage nurse as
I'm writing a paper on SARS, and I was looking for information concerning the possible hiding location of SARS, it's mutation, and the various genes.
Simple RNA viruses make poor gene therapy vectors. Explain.
How do you prepare lysates that give high titers for virulent phage?
What is the main difference between enveloped and nonenveloped viruses? How does this affect entry of each type of virus into the host cells? Variances are expressed.
Describe the mechanism which lead to the functional diversity of antigen processing and presentation. What is the benefit to the host?
Fill in the blank: All viruses contain a coat of _______ and a core of _____.
Which of the following statements about viruses is not true: They are parasitic They are autotrophs They contain either DNA or RNA They use living cells of other organisms for reproduction The enzyme is enclosed in a peote shell.
Please see attachment for the question. WHAT PATTERN OF IDENTITY DO THESE OCHTERLONY PLATES SHOW? Ochterlony #1 Ochterlony #2 Ochterlony #3